FORMULATION and EVALUATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A MOUTHWASH COMBINING THE ESSENTIAL OILS OF Ocimum basilicum L. and Cymbopogon nardus L. AGAINST Streptococcus mutans
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30994/sjp.v8i2.303Keywords:
Antibacterial, basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L.), mouthwash, Streptococcus mutansAbstract
Streptococcus mutans is an oral microbe that can cause dental caries through its metabolic activity. Oral care products designed to control dental caries generally contain chemicals that, with long-term use, can cause irritation, tooth discoloration, and weakening of tooth structure. It is known that basil leaf essential oil (Ocimum basilicum L.) contains chemical compounds such as citral, linalool, and geraniol, which act as antibacterial agents. Monoterpene compounds in lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon nardus L.) also function as antibacterial agents, such as citronellal, geraniol, and citronellol. This study aims to investigate and evaluate a combined mouthwash formulation of basil and lemongrass essential oils as an antibacterial agent against Streptococcus mutans, with concentration ratios of 0,5% : 1% (F1), 1% : 2% (F2), and 2% : 3% (F3). The evaluation assessed the physical quality of the formulations, including organoleptic testing, pH testing, homogeneity testing, and specific gravity testing, as well as antibacterial activity testing using the disc diffusion method (Kirby & Bauer test). The results showed that all formulations exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, with inhibition zones of 3.01 mm (F1), 3.95 mm (F2), and 4.81 mm (F3). Thus, the mouthwash combination of basil leaf and lemongrass essential oils has the ability to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans, though it remains in the weak category.
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